Maternal Obesity May Influence Brain Development of Premature Infants

Obesity is a modifiable risk factor that can affect cognition. JR

Maternal Obesity May Influence Brain Development of Premature Infants

ScienceDaily (Mar. 8, 2012) — Maternal obesity may contribute to cognitive impairment in extremely premature babies, according to a new study by researchers at Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center.

"Although in the past decade medical advances have improved the survival rate of babies born at less than seven months, they are still at very high risk for mental developmental delays compared with full-term infants," said Jennifer Helderman, M.D., assistant professor of pediatrics at Wake Forest Baptist and lead author of the study. "This study shows that obesity doesn't just affect the mother's health, but might also affect the development of the baby."

Published in the March issue of the journal Pediatrics, the study looked at 921 infants born before 28 weeks of gestation during 2002 to 2004 at 14 participating institutions. The researchers assessed the babies' placenta for infection and other abnormalities, interviewed the mothers and reviewed their medical records. At age 2, the children's cognitive skills were evaluated using the Mental Development Index (MDI) portion of the Bayley Scales of Infant Development, a commonly used measure.

The scientists found that both maternal obesity and lack of high school education were associated with impaired early cognitive function, as was pre-term thrombosis (blood clot) in the placenta.
"We weren't really surprised by the socioeconomic factors because it has been repeatedly shown that social disadvantage predicts worse infant outcomes," Helderman said. "However, obesity is of particular interest because it is becoming more prevalent and it is potentially modifiable during the pre-conception period and pregnancy."

Obesity has been linked to inflammation, and inflammation can damage the developing brain, Helderman said. What isn't known is if the obesity-related inflammation in the mother is transmitted to the fetus.
"Few studies have addressed prenatal risk factors of cognitive impairment for infants born this prematurely. The long-term goal is to use information from studies like ours to develop treatments that prevent cognitive impairment in extremely premature babies," Helderman said.
Helderman's colleague, Michael O'Shea, M.D., section head of neonatology at Wake Forest Baptist, is currently conducting a study that follows these same babies into mid-childhood to determine long-term cognitive problems.

More than 30,000 extremely premature babies are born each year in the United States.

Stem Cell Fraud for Cerebral Palsy, Epilepsy

"60 Minutes" investigates online stem cell fraud

Dr. Joanne Kurtzberg of Duke University tells Scott Pelley that stem cells purchased from one of the hundreds of websites promising stem cell cures for incurable diseases could actually cause a patient serious harm. The chief scientific officer for Duke's stem cell research program spoke to Pelley as part of an eight-month investigation into the illicit stem cell industry.

In the report, "60 Minutes" cameras capture a disgraced doctor trying to sell an unproven stem cell treatment to the parents of a child with cerebral palsy. Pelley's investigation will be broadcast on "60 Minutes" on Sunday, Jan. 8 at 8 p.m. ET/PT.


Kurtzberg decries the websites offering unproven stem cell remedies for what are currently incurable diseases like autism, multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's and every kind of cancer. She hears from patients who see those websites and has to inform them that thus far, stem cells have been used to successfully treat leukemia and a few rare genetic diseases and nothing else. "It's very dishonest to mislead people when there is nothing you can do," says Kurtzberg. "I believe stem cells have a lot of promise, but we are way at the infancy," she tells Pelley.


"60 Minutes" worked with Gary and Judy Susser, parents of Adam, who has cerebral palsy, to investigate one of the online purveyors of stem cell treatments, Stem Tech Labs of Ecuador. Such labs are offshore because what they are doing is mostly illegal in the U.S. The lab, run by an American doctor named Dan Ecklund whose license to practice medicine was revoked in Alabama, promises a "modern day miracle" and "treating or curing over 70 diseases." "60 Minutes" cameras captured Ecklund on a teleconference from Ecuador promising the Sussers that Adam would have a "75 percent chance...he would have a noticeable improvement." He would come to Florida to administer four stem cell transplants for which he would charge $5,000 each. In a Miami-area hotel room set with hidden cameras, Pelley confronts Ecklund about his intentions to treat the child.


"60 Minutes" purchased some stem cells from Ecklund's website and had Kurtzberg examine them in her lab at Duke. Dr. Kurtzberg discovered that only 100 of the 20 million umbilical cord blood stem cells bought for $5,000 were still alive. The dead cells are cellular debris and dangerous says Kurtzberg. "There are huge dangers if you inject that into someone's blood or spinal fluid because all these little fragments and debris would get trapped somewhere in the bloodstream and could cause a stroke...do a great deal of harm," Kurtzberg tells Pelley.


Adam, 11, did not get the treatments; his parents had been down that route before in 2003 when they took him to Mexico for similar treatments that produced no miracles. The Sussers want others to beware. "People are preyed upon by hucksters and charlatans... It's about getting rich at someone's expense," says Gary Susser. "And people with a special child don't need anymore expense...heartache...false promises. They need the truth and they need hope."

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Read more: http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-18560_162-57354200/60-minutes-investigates-online-stem-cell-fraud/#ixzz1mE0Et65X

The Internet is full of websites selling unproven stem cell treatments for incurable illnesses;

Read more: http://www.cbsnews.com/video/watch/?id=7394402n&tag=cbsnewsMainColumnArea.6#ixzz1mDzi7jO

video here