Articles testing the effect of sleep deprivation on emotional intelligence and on moral reasoning.
JR
Sleep Med. 2008 Jul;9(5):517-26. Epub 2007 Aug 30.
Sleep deprivation reduces perceived emotional intelligence and constructive thinking skills.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:
Insufficient sleep can adversely affect a variety of cognitive abilities, ranging from simple alertness to higher-order executive functions. Although the effects of sleep loss on mood and cognition are well documented, there have been no controlled studies examining its effects on perceived emotional intelligence (EQ) and constructive thinking, abilities that require the integration of affect and cognition and are central to adaptive functioning.
PATIENTS AND METHODS:
Twenty-six healthy volunteers completed the Bar-On Emotional Quotient Inventory (EQi) and the Constructive Thinking Inventory (CTI) at rested baseline and again after 55.5 and 58 h of continuous wakefulness, respectively.
RESULTS:
Relative to baseline, sleep deprivation was associated with lower scores on Total EQ (decreased global emotional intelligence), Intrapersonal functioning (reduced self-regard, assertiveness, sense of independence, and self-actualization), Interpersonal functioning (reduced empathy toward others and quality of interpersonal relationships), Stress Management skills (reduced impulse control and difficulty with delay of gratification), and Behavioral Coping (reduced positive thinking and action orientation). Esoteric Thinking (greater reliance on formal superstitions and magical thinking processes) was increased.
CONCLUSIONS:
These findings are consistent with the neurobehavioral model suggesting that sleep loss produces temporary changes in cerebral metabolism, cognition, emotion, and behavior consistent with mild prefrontal lobe dysfunction.
Sleep. 2010 Aug;33(8):1086-90.
The impact of partial sleep deprivation on moral reasoning in military officers.
Olsen OK1, Pallesen S, Eid J.
STUDY OBJECTIVES:
The present study explores the impact of long-term partial sleep deprivation on the activation of moral justice schemas, which are suggested to play a prominent role in moral reasoning and the formation of moral judgments and behavior.
DESIGN:
Participants judged 5 dilemmas in rested and partially sleep deprived condition, in a counterbalanced design.
SETTING:
In classroom and field exercises at the Norwegian Naval Academy and the Norwegian Army Academy.
PARTICIPANTS:
Seventy-one Norwegian naval and army officer cadets.
MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS:
The results showed that the officers' ability to conduct mature and principally oriented moral reasoning was severely impaired during partial sleep deprivation compared to the rested state. At the same time, the officers became substantially more rules-oriented in the sleep deprived condition, while self-oriented moral reasoning did not change. Interaction effects showed that those officers who displayed high levels of mature moral reasoning (n = 24) in the rested condition, lost much of this capacity during sleep deprivation in favor of a strong increase in rules-oriented moral reasoning as well as self-orientation. Conversely, officers at low levels of mature moral reasoning in rested condition (n = 23) were unaffected by sleep deprivation.
CONCLUSIONS:
The present data show that long-term partial sleep deprivation has an impact on the activation of moral justice schemas, and consequently on the ability to make moral justice judgments.
PMID: 20815191 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] PMCID: PMC2910538 Free PMC Article
The effects of 53 hours of sleep deprivation on moral judgment.
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES:
Functional neuroimaging studies suggest a prominent role for the medial prefrontal cortex in the formation of moral judgments. Activity in this region has also been shown to decline significantly during sleep loss. We therefore examined the effects of 2 nights ofsleep deprivation on several aspects of moral judgment.
DESIGN:
Participants made judgments about the "appropriateness" of various courses of action in response to 3 types of moral dilemmas at rested baseline and again following 53 hours of continuous wakefulness.
SETTING:
In-residence sleep laboratory at the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research.
PARTICIPANTS:
Twenty-six healthy adults (21 men, 5 women).
INTERVENTIONS:
MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS:
Compared to baseline, sleep deprivation resulted in significantly longer response latencies (suggesting greater difficulty deciding upon a course of action) only for Moral Personal (i.e., emotionally evocative) dilemmas, whereas response times to Moral Impersonal (less emotionally evocative) and Non Moral dilemmas did not change significantly with sleep loss. The effect of sleep deprivation on the willingness to agree with solutions that violate personally held moral beliefs was moderated by the level of emotional intelligence, as measured by the Bar-On EQ-i. Persons high in emotional intelligence were less susceptible to changes in moral judgments as a function of sleep loss.
CONCLUSIONS:
These findings suggest that sleep deprivation impairs the ability to integrate emotion and cognition to guide moral judgments, although susceptibility to the effects of sleep loss on this ability is moderated by the level of emotional intelligence.
No comments:
Post a Comment